Birthmarks are commonly found on newborn babies and are a result of an overgrowth of skin pigment cells or blood vessels. While they are usually harmless, some birthmarks can be a sign of an underlying medical condition. The exact cause of birthmarks is unknown. However, there are some factors that may increase the risk of developing a birthmark, including genetics and certain medical conditions.
There are two main types of birthmarks: pigmented and vascular.
Pigmented Birthmarks:
- Café-au-lait spots: These are flat, light brown spots that are usually present at birth.
- Mongolian spots: These are blue-gray patches of skin that are usually found on the buttocks or lower back.
- Moles: Moles are clusters of pigment cells and can vary in color, size, and shape.
Vascular Birthmarks:
- Port-wine stains: These are red or purple birthmarks that are caused by an abnormal growth of blood vessels.
- Strawberry hemangiomas: These are raised, red birthmarks that usually develop within the first few weeks of life.
- Salmon patches: These are flat, pink birthmarks that are often found on the forehead, eyelids, or neck.
Treatments
Most birthmarks do not require treatment and will fade over time. However, if a birthmark is causing discomfort or is a sign of an underlying medical condition, treatment may be necessary. Here are some common treatments for birthmarks:
- Laser therapy: This treatment uses a laser to target and destroy the blood vessels or pigment cells in the birthmark.
- Surgery: In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove a birthmark.
- Medications: Certain medications can help to shrink or reduce the appearance of birthmarks.
While most birthmarks are harmless, some may require treatment if they are causing discomfort or are a sign of an underlying medical condition. If you have concerns about a birthmark, it is best to consult with Dr. Raskin board certified Bakersfield dermatologist. Call us today for an appointment.