Moles are common skin features, but not all moles are the same. These growths form from pigment-producing cells called melanocytes and are typically non-cancerous. They often appear as a single shade of pigment, ranging from beige to dark brown, with a well-defined border. While most moles develop during the first 20 years of life, they can darken due to sun exposure or hormonal changes during pregnancy or adolescence. Knowing the different types of moles and when to be concerned is essential.
Types of Moles
- Congenital Nevi
These moles are present at birth and occur in about 1 in 100 people. They may have a slightly higher risk of developing into melanoma compared to moles that appear later in life. - Dysplastic Nevi
Larger than average and irregular in shape with uneven coloring, these moles can be hereditary. Individuals with dysplastic nevi may develop more than 100 moles, increasing their risk of melanoma. - Halo Nevi
Surrounded by lighter skin, halo nevi are typically benign. However, they may increase the risk of vitiligo, a skin pigmentation disorder. - Blue Nevus
A deep-seated mole that appears bluish in color, often seen in West Indian infants.
When to Be Concerned
Although most moles are harmless, changes in their appearance or behavior could indicate melanoma or skin cancer. Watch for:
- Darkening color
- Increase in size or irregular shape
- Itchiness or pain
- Spontaneous bleeding
Treatment Options
If a mole causes discomfort or shows signs of skin cancer, a dermatologist may remove it through surgical excision or shaving with a surgical blade. Suspicious moles are typically biopsied to rule out skin cancer.
Tips for Prevention
Protecting your skin from harmful sun exposure is key to reducing the risk of skin cancer. Here’s how:
- Use water-resistant, broad-spectrum sunscreen regularly.
- Limit sun exposure, especially during peak hours.
- Conduct regular skin self-checks to monitor changes.
- Protect children’s skin from the sun.
- Wear long pants, long-sleeved shirts, and a broad-brimmed hat.
By staying vigilant and proactive, you can protect your skin and ensure any concerns are addressed early. If you’re worried about a mole, consult a dermatologist for expert guidance.